层次分析式
对于结构严谨,层次分明,论点突出,论据充分且长句、难句较多的课文
(多为议论文和说明文)可用此法。
例如教学课文 “Pollution”(高中英语课文第一册第十二课)。
Pollution 这篇课文,可分为三个层次,依次输入:
- Introduction(paragraph I)
The population of the earth is increasing very fast. Agriculture andindustry are developing rapidly.
- Development(Paragraph Ⅱ)
①the definition of pollution
②sources of pollution
a: agriculture: farmers add fertilizer and spray poison b: industry: factories Produce Waste and Poisonous gases
c: transport Waste gases from cars and trucks
d: daily life: rubbish thrown away by millions of people;noises from airplanes and factories
③the danger of pollution a: do harm to human health
b: kill trees and vegetables
①way to get rid of pollution a: recycle waste materials
b: make waste water clean
c: prevent factories from sending out poisonous gases and polluted water
- Conclusion(paragraphⅢ)
The battle against pollution won’t be won until every one knows its seriousness and does something to stop it.
这种方法把课文内容作为整体信息向学生输入,可以加深学生对课文意思的理解,有利于训练学生对篇章结构分析的能力和发展学生逻辑思维能力,使学生的阅读能力得以发展和提高。
总之,课文教学的全过程,是由整体到局部,再由局部到整体,由粗到精,由浅入深,由领会到表达,逐层深入的过程。好的开端是成功的一半。课文教学中,文章信息的整体输入搞好了,无疑对后面的课文教学会起到事半功倍的作用。教学实践使我们认识到,英语课文教学中,文章信息的整体输入,是一项科学性与艺术性相结合的活动,既要符合语音教学的规律,又要从教材的实际出发,采用灵活多样的方法,做到形式和内容的尽可能统一。只要我们不断探索,不断提高与改进,才能臻于完善。