二、表达清楚，文字连贯

文章要做到表达清楚、文字连贯，文章各段落就必须根据提纲确立不同的主题句。而且，各段落的主题句将段落的各个部分凝聚在一起，流利地表现段落所要表现的思想，使读者能够轻松地理解段落中此部分与彼部分的关系。此外，为了使文章清楚、连贯，我们还可以用一些连接词，引导读者的思维从一个句子过渡到另一个句子。

下面列出的是一些较为常见的连接词：

on one hand, on the other hand, for one thing, for another thing, to begin with, firstly, first of all, besides, in addition, what's more, moreover, most of all, accordingly, consequently, hense, thus, nevertheless, yet, however, in short, in brief, on the whole, to sum up, as a result, in conclusion, in contract 等。

请看下面两个段落，由于作者采用了明确的主题句及明显的连接词，便达到了整个段落主题思想清楚、文字浑然一体的效果。

The "women's Lib" and the Vocabulary of English

The "women's" lib movement toward greater equality for women has produced some permanent changes in the vocabulary of English. The first change is that new words have been added. The words "feminist" "sexist" and "male chauvinist" for example became common during the past ten years or so. Another new word is the title Ms which is often used in place of both Miss and Mrs.A second change is that sexist

titles of many job occupations have been neutralized.A chairman is now a "chairperson", a businessman is a "businessperson" and a salesman is a "salesperson".Moreover a mailman is now a "mail carrier" and an airline stewardess is now a "flight attendant."

Finally attempts to give equal treatment to masculine and feminine pronouns in English have led to the search for a new pronoun form to replace he (as he/she or s /he) when referring to neutral nouns such as the student.In my opinion some of the new words such as Ms are quite useful: you can use Ms to address a woman when you don't know if she is married.On the other hand the lack of a clear neutral pronoun can lead to awkward sentence construction.

The causes of Inflation

Inflation is an economic condition in which prices for consumer goods increase and the value of money or purchasing power decreases.There are three important causes of inflation.The first and the most important cause may be excessive government spending.For example, in order to finance a war or carry out social programs, the government may spend more money than it has received through taxes and other revenue, thus creating a deficit.In order to offset this deficit, the Treasury Department can simply expand the money supply by issuing more paper money to meet the debts of government.This increase in the money supply will cause the value of the dollar to automatically decrease.The second cause of inflation occurs when the money supply increases faster than the supply of goods.If people have more money, they will run out to buy popular goods like televisions and computers, for example, and a shortage will result.Industry will then produce more at higher prices to satisfy demand.Furthermore, if people think that the prices of popular goods are going up, they will buy and even borrow money athigh interest rates to pay for them.Finally, if labor unions demand that worker's wages be increased to cover the high cost of living, industry will meet this demand and add other costs of production on to the consumer.In summary, all of these causes can create inflationary problems that can affect the welfare of a nation.However, of these three causes, excessive government spending may be the most important.

除了上述介绍的通过采用明确的主题句及明显的连接词来达到表达清楚、文字连贯的效果外，还可以利用同义词来代替关键的词或词组，避免使文章很单调或不断重复。

例如：

Dottie McLean is a pompous, but capable president of the local league of women voters.Her pretentiousness⋯(examples and details) As for her proficiency in fulfilling the duties of her office ⋯

(examples and details) when one recognizes the ability Dottie McLean has for getting people to work together, her highflown airs can be ignored.

凡划线的词基本同义： pompous （自大）， capable （能干）， pretentiouseness（自夸），ability（能力），her highflown airs（她那昂然的风采）。这些词都是为了表现 Dottie McLean 的“自负”与“能干”。