第四节 语 态

一、被动语态的构成

英语中只有及物动词才能构成被动语态，即“be+-ED 分词”，随时态的不同，“be”发生相应的变化，下表是 be 在英语八种时坊中的变化形式：

When overall exports exceed imports, a country to have a trade surplus.

1. said B) is said

C) says D) is saying

1. 为正确答案。被动语态的构成为“be+-ED 分词”，所以应选 B）is said。The

   advantages of computerized typing and editing are now being

to all the written languages of the world.

1. extended B) extending

C) extends D) extendness

1. 为正确答案。本句为现在进行时的被动语态，故其构成为“am/is/are being+-ED 分词”。

When a spinning ball bounces, some of the energy contained in its rotation to its energy of forward motion.

1. can transfer B) can be transferred

C) could transfer D) could be transferred

1. 为正确答案。本题为含有情态动词的被动态的构成，此类题在考试中出现极频。以“can”和“do”为例，其被动态构成为：“can

   be done”(一般现

在时)，“could be done”(一般过去时)“could have been done”(完成时)， 本句讲的是普遍现象，所以 B）是正确答案。

The seating of musicians in an orchestra is arranged to produce the desired blend of sounds from the various musical sections.]

1. the conductor of B) from the conductor

1. the conductor and D) by the conductor

2. 为正确答案。被动语态的后面常出现“by+动作发出者”。