七、不定式的完成式、进行式和完成进行式

I happened to be talking with him when he was hit by a ball and collapsed.

My friedn has spent four years studying at a college. He seems

to have learned a lot during those years.

Some molecules are large enough to be seen under the electronic microscrope.

Many of the world's great novels are reported to have been made into films last year.

这三类在考研题中出现的频率很高，要特别注意不定式的这三种形式：如果不定式所表示的动作与主要谓语所表示的动作（状态）同时（或几乎同时）发生或发生在主要谓语之后，那么用不定式的一般形式。如： Chichester was ditermined to carry out his plan. / He received a warm welcome from the Australians and from his family who had flown there to meet him. / In 1967, he arrived back in England, where a quarter of a million people were waiting to welcome him.

/ After all, eighty was a special birthday, another dicade lived or endured just as you chose to look at it. / Now suddenly she began to sob, holding herself in as if weepingwere a disgrace. 1.如果不定式所表示的动作（状态）发生在主要谓语动词之前，那不定

式就要用其完成式，如：

I am glad to have been there several times.

She feels relaxed to have finished writing her thesis before the deadline.

不定式的完成式一般有下列用法： (1)构成复合谓语：

He is said to have designed several high building though he

is in his thirties.

这样复合谓语还有（以 to do 为例）：to be reported to have done sth,. to be believed to have done sth., to seem (consider, appear, think,) to have done sht,. to be likely to have done sth.如：

The local health organization is reported twenty-five years ago when Dr. Audon became its first president.

1. to be set up B)being set up

C)to have been set up D)having been set up

空档前是动词 to be reported 与档处构成复合谓语，填(C)。（为什么不选 D，在下一节中阐述不定式与分词的区别时再讲），注意， 这里用不定式的完成形式需有一时间状语 twenty-five years ago。

1. 用在某些形容词后：如

He is extremely happy to have got rid of the trifles. She felt exhausted to have finished so much work in such a short time.

1. 不定式进行式

不定式进行式表示主要谓语动词所表示的动作（情况）发生时，不定式所表示的动作正在发生。如：When he came in, I happened to be doing my experiment in the lab.

Why do you stand here? You are supposed to be working in the workshop.

1. 不定式完成进行式

不定式完成进行式表示其动词所代表的动作，在主谓语动词所代表的动作之前一直在进行。如：

The students from the Department of Sociology are said to have been investigating the possibility of producing the new product.

/ They are quite happy to have been cooperating harmoniously with su till now.